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George Roy Hill, the versatile director whose Hollywood movies included ''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'' and ''The Sting,'' which won Academy Awards for best film and best director, died yesterday in his apartment on the Upper East Side of Manhattan. He was 81.
The cause was complications from Parkinson's disease, said his son George Roy Hill III.
A Marine pilot in World War II and in the Korean War, an actor, a Yale graduate and a devotee of history and Bach, Mr. Hill combined scholarship and military training in his approach to his work, achieving success as a director on Broadway, in television and in films.
His career was often characterized by a nostalgia manifest not only in his subjects -- the roaring 20's, the Depression, World War I pilots, the sinking of the Titanic -- but also in his affection for the art of straightforward storytelling.
''Just as I play nothing but Bach for pleasure, so do I read nothing but history for pleasure,'' Mr. Hill said in a 1975 interview in The New York Times Magazine. ''I like to be able to sit back and pick out the most fascinating facets of an era. You have a better perspective. In the present, you get too caught up in the heat of the emotions of the moment.''
The interview was a rarity. In contrast to some of today's filmmakers, eager to hawk their wares from morning till late night on television, Mr. Hill was notably inaccessible. Some Hollywood figures thought him shy; others speculated that his reticence was rooted in his reluctance to add the costs of publicity to a film's budget. He had no interest in hiring press agents and appearing on talk shows.
''The world is slow to realize that George Roy Hill not only is a vastly talented storyteller on the screen -- but also cosmically cheap,'' Robert Redford, a close friend who starred in Mr. Hill's greatest hits, once said.
The gangly, boyish-looking Mr. Hill belonged to a generation of directors who made their mark in the so-called golden age of television in the 1950's. Like John Frankenheimer, Arthur Penn and Sidney Lumet, he gravitated to movies as the networks lost interest in serious drama, and Hollywood held out the promise of freedom from the hectic, stressful pace of television.
''Butch Cassidy'' (1969) starred Paul Newman and Robert Redford as good-natured bank robbers in the waning days of the Old West, and ''The Sting'' (1973) starred them as small-time con men who pull off a big-time swindle in Depression-era Chicago.
After the movies were released, Mr. Hill had for a while the distinction of being the sole director in history to have made two of the top 10 moneymaking films.
''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'' won Oscars for original screenplay (William Goldman), original score (Burt Bacharach), best song (''Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head,'' by Mr. Bacharach and Hal David) and cinematography (Conrad L. Hall).
Besides the Academy Awards for best film and best director, ''The Sting'' won five other Oscars, including those for best adapted screenplay, by David S. Ward, and best score, by Marvin Hamlisch, who adapted the ragtime music of Scott Joplin.
Chronologically, Mr. Hill's other films ranged from the Tennessee Williams comedy ''Period of Adjustment'' (1962), his Hollywood debut, to varied fare like ''The World of Henry Orient'' (1964), about two hero-worshiping teenage girls; the adaptation of the James A. Michener best seller ''Hawaii'' (1966); the flapper-era musical ''Thoroughly Modern Millie'' (1967); the adaptation of Kurt Vonnegut's dark, surreal World War II novel, ''Slaughterhouse-Five'' (1972); ''The Great Waldo Pepper'' (1975), about barnstorming World War I pilots; the raucous hockey comedy ''Slap Shot'' (1977); and adaptations of John Irving's novel ''The World According to Garp'' (1982) and John le Carré's ''Little Drummer Girl'' (1984).
Of all his films, ''The Great Waldo Pepper,'' which also starred Mr. Redford, may have been closest to Mr. Hill's heart. Born on Dec. 20, 1921, in Minneapolis to George R. and Helen Frances Owens Hill, he developed an early affinity for music and aviation.
After school, he liked to visit the airport. His hobby was to memorize the records of World War I aces, and he idolized Speed Homan, a pilot, he once said, ''who used to make his approach to the spectators at state fairs flying past the grandstand upside down.''
Naturally, Mr. Hill learned to fly, and until about 10 years ago owned an open-cockpit Waco biplane that was built in 1930.
At Yale he studied music and graduated in 1943 with a bachelor of arts degree. He piloted Marine transports in the South Pacific during World War II and then studied music and literature under the G.I. Bill at Trinity College, Dublin.
Needing money, he auditioned for the Irish actor Cyril Cusack's company and made his theatrical debut in 1948 in a walk-on role in George Bernard Shaw's ''Devil's Disciple'' at the Gaiety Theater in Dublin.
Mr. Hill returned to the United States, acted Off Broadway and toured with Margaret Webster's Shakespeare Repertory Company, where he met Louisa Horton, whom he married on April 7, 1951. They were later divorced.
Besides his son George of Roslyn Harbor, N.Y., Mr. Hill is survived by two daughters, Frances Breckinridge Phipps of Dumont, N.J., and Owens Hill of Topanga, Calif.; another son, John Andrew Steele Hill of Ardsley, N.Y.; and 12 grandchildren.
Mr. Hill was recalled to service at the Marine Corps jet flight training center in Cherry Hill, N.C., during the Korean War. One night he had to be talked down by a ground controller at the Atlanta airport, an incident that led to his writing ''My Brother's Keeper,'' a television play presented in 1953 by the Kraft Television Theater with Mr. Hill in the cast.
He also wrote, produced and directed television dramas like the Emmy-winning ''A Night to Remember,'' about the sinking of the Titanic; ''The Helen Morgan Story,'' a biography of the torch singer; and ''Judgment at Nuremberg.''
As a Broadway director, Mr. Hill began with ''Look Homeward Angel,'' the 1957 Ketti Frings adaptation of the Thomas Wolfe novel. It won a Pulitzer Prize. In the 1960-61 season, he directed Williams's ''Period of Adjustment,'' which led him to Hollywood.
Like many filmmakers, Mr. Hill was never happy with reviewers. On the day in 1975 when Universal Studios gave him a deal granting him total autonomy to do 15 productions in the next 5 years, Mr. Hill could not forget something that the critic Pauline Kael had written.
''What about that Pauline Kael accusing me of emphasizing male relationships with Redford and Newman?'' he said. ''What am I supposed to do, stop the action in an action picture just to drag some women in?''
Other Comments:
He was called back to service during the Korean war & flew Panther jets.
He never left Cherry Point during this time period.
Died in New York City of Parkinson Disease where he lived with his family.
Description The Battle of Okinawa, codenamed Operation Iceberg. was fought on the Ryukyu Islands of Okinawa and was the largest amphibious assault in the Pacific War of World War II. The 82-day-long battle lasted from early April until mid-June 1945. After a long campaign of island hopping, the Allies were approaching Japan, and planned to use Okinawa, a large island only 340 mi (550 km) away from mainland Japan, as a base for air operations on the planned invasion of Japanese mainland (coded Operation Downfall). Four divisions of the U.S. 10th Army (the 7th, 27th, 77th, and 96th) and two Marine Divisions (the 1st and 6th) fought on the island. Their invasion was supported by naval, amphibious, and tactical air forces.
The battle has been referred to as the "typhoon of steel" in English, and tetsu no ame ("rain of steel") or ("violent wind of steel") in Japanese. The nicknames refer to the ferocity of the fighting, the intensity of kamikaze attacks from the Japanese defenders, and to the sheer numbers of Allied ships and armored vehicles that assaulted the island. The battle resulted in the highest number of casualties in the Pacific Theater during World War II. Based on Okinawan government sources, mainland Japan lost 77,166 soldiers, who were either killed or committed suicide, and the Allies suffered 14,009 deaths (with an estimated total of more than 65,000 casualties of all kinds). Simultaneously, 42,000–150,000 local civilians were killed or committed suicide, a significant proportion of the local population. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki together with the Soviet invasion of Manchuria caused Japan to surrender less than two months after the end of the fighting on Okinawa.
